4.2 - Extracts from the existing BC Constitutional Act that is used in place of a constitution

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The main provisions of the BC Constitution Act


Every citizen of BC should be aware of this document. This is the document that rules every aspect of the life of everyone in this province. This document is the proof that the government of British Columbia is unlawful (de facto).

The government of BC lacks legitimate authority
because it enacted this Act or statute.
This statute gives all power in this province to the government. So the government gave itself the right to enact statutes that all British Columbians must obey or be punished.

The government simply
took this awesome power.

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This BC Constitution Act designs the present structure of the government of BC. It was drafted by the BC Cabinet and was given Royal Assent by the Lieutenant Governor of BC. It gives total power to the Lieutenant Governor of BC alone. That fact may be verified by reading the statute.
The Lieutenant Governor is the representative of the Governor General in Ottawa. The Governor General in Ottawa is the representative of the Queen of England (the Crown). The Queen (the Crown) has total power over Canada:

The Executive Government and Authority of and over Canada is hereby declared to continue and be vested in the Queen. [This Sec 9 of the BNA Act is part of the Constitution Act, 1982, and is still in force]

The Lieutenant Governor of BC is appointed by and paid by the Ottawa bureaucracy. Nothing happens in BC without the permission of the Lieutenant Governor. The BC Constitution Act says that the Lieutenant Governor may dismiss anyone in the BC government. The Act gives NO POLITICAL RIGHTS to the people of the province. The Act only gives the people one single permission, which can be removed - the permission to vote in a provincial election.

How can this be changed ?


The BC Refederation Party intends to take power in Victoria, decree the Doctrine of the Supremacy of the People, and make the citizens of BC the sole source of political rights in the province. A Constitution of British Columbia written by the voters will replace the BC Constitution Act. It will give government only those powers that the electorate decides. It will be the document under which the electorate consents to be governed. It will be the foundation of a de jure (lawful) government in BC. For the benefit of readers of this website, the main provisions of the present-day BC Constitution Act are listed below. After each quote from the Act is a commentary by RefedBC. Some of the commentaries highlight the contradictions in this situation of the Queen (the Crown).

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Comments and Excerpts from the BC Constitution Act. The Act that usurped power in BC

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Note - This Act of the BC Legislature sets out the Power of the Lieutenant Governor of BC and of the Queen of England over British Columbians


All quotes are taken from the BC Constitution Act (revised Statutes of BC, updated to 31 Oct 97)
This Act stipulates the way government in BC is to be organised, and under it, British Columbians are given no political rights. Our Legislature cannot be elected without the permission of the Lieutenant Governor, it cannot meet in session without his permission, it must dissolve on his order, and our Legislature cannot spend one dollar without the permission of the

Lieutenant Governor - without his prior permission.

  • Start of quotes
    Quote # 1 from the BC Constitution Act
    “2 Despite anything in this Act to the contrary, this Act must be construed as subject to the Constitution Act, 1867 and amending Acts applicable to British Columbia, and to the order of Her late Majesty Queen Victoria in Council for the union of British Columbia with the Dominion of Canada under the authority of that Act.”
Comment. Note that this BC Constitution Act, which designates the structure of the BC Government, is subject to the Canadian constitution, which was no secret. However, this BC Constitution Act is also subject to the order of the late Queen Victoria of England. But she is dead. In the original BNA Act 1867, all references to the Queen of England were intended to refer to her heirs, after her death. But in 1893 the British Parliament repealed that intention in the “Statute Law Revision Act, 1893, 56-57 Vict, c. 14 (UK). The wording of the original Section 2 of the BNA Act that was repealed is this:

  • “2. The provisions of this Act referring to Her Majesty the Queen extend also to the Heirs and Successors of Her Majesty, Kings and Queens of the United Kingdom and Ireland.”
Because this section was repealed, is it not logical that there should be no reference today in the Canadian Constitution Act, 1982, to Her Majesty ? If that is so, who then is the Lieutenant Governor of BC representing ? Another question is: Why should the Governor-General and the Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia represent anyone outside Canada today, if Canada gained its sovereignty from Britain on 10 Jan 1920, and again from the Statute of Westminster, 1931 ? The powers over BC granted to the BC Lieutenant Governor seem to be of questionable authority ?

Quote # 2 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Lieutenant Governor 3. (1) The Lieutenant Governor is a corporation sole. (2) A bond, recognizance and other instrument required by law to be taken to the Lieutenant Governor in the Lieutenant Governor’s public capacity (a) must be taken to the Lieutenant Governor by the Lieutenant Governor’s name of office, and (b) may be sued for and recovered by the Lieutenant Governor, by the Lieutenant Governor’s name of office. (3) A bond, recognizance and other instrument referred to in subsection (2) does not go to or vest in the personal representatives of the Lieutenant Governor during whose government they were taken.
Comment. The ordinary person is not sure what all this witchdoctor language means, but the office of the Lieutenant Governor is not a Natural Person. Someone has created a Legal Person called the Lieutenant Governor, in the same way that the government is a Legal Person. Who created this Legal Person in the first place ? Who in BC should have the power to create any Legal Person at any time ? - the People ?

Quote # 3 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Appointment to public office
    4. (1) The appointment to public office under the government of British Columbia, whether vacant or created and whether salaried or not, is vested in the Lieutenant Governor, with the advice of the Executive Council, with the exception of the appointment
    (a) of the officials who are also appointed members of the Executive Council, which appointments are vested in the Lieutenant Governor alone, or
    (b) for which other provision is expressly made by an Act.
    (2) All officers appointed by the Lieutenant Governor, whether by commission or otherwise, remain in office during pleasure only.
Comment. The Lieutenant Governor is the sole authority vested with the power to appoint persons to public office in BC - he appoints the Executive Council (the Cabinet), and they appoint the rest. And anyone appointed by the Lieutenant Governor (which means everyone) holds his office only as long as the Lieutenant Governor wants him to. This indicates the power to fire every public official in BC.

Quote # 4 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Assent or signification date for legislation
    5. (1) The Clerk of the Legislative Assembly must endorse on every Act
    (a) the date when the Act was assented to by the Lieutenant Governor,
Comment. Nothing becomes law in BC unless the Lieutenant Governor wants it to be law. In other countries we look down on that as a dictatorship. Perhaps we should not be so smug ?

Quote # 5 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Executive power 7. Executive power continues, so far as it is unaltered by this Act, as it existed on February 14, 1871, subject to sections 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 66 and 67 of the Constitution Act, 1867, and to any other part of that Act affecting it and to the order of Her late Majesty in Council.
Comment. Executive power in BC is controled by the provisions of the BNA Act 1867 (now renamed the Constitution Act, 1867), and is subject to the order of Her late Majesty in Council. Now who is Her late Majesty ? Perhaps the Lieutenant Governor is the representative of this late Majesty ? Or perhaps of the present Majesty, except that the repeal of Section 2 of the BNA now excludes that possibility ? To whom is the executive power in BC subject ?

Quote # 6 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Executive Council
    9. (1) The Executive Council is composed of the persons the Lieutenant Governor appoints, including the Premier of British Columbia, who is president of the Executive Council.
    (2) The Lieutenant Governor in Council must from among those persons appointed under subsection (1) designate
    (a) those officials with portfolio and must designate the portfolio for each official, and
    (b) those officials without portfolio.

Comment. Note that the Premier is not the person the people elect. The Lieutenant Governor has given the People no political right to vote for a Premier. The Premier is the person that the Lieutenant Governor appoints, and the Lieutenant Governor appoints all the Cabinet too.

Quote # 7 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Transfer of powers and duties 10. (1) Any of the powers and duties assigned by law to any of the officials constituting the Executive Council may, by order in council, be assigned and transferred for any period to any other of the officials.
Comment. “Any of the powers assigned by law” means assigned by this law (the BC Constitution Act), which means assigned by the Lieutenant Governor. This paragraph seems to be the origin in BC of the term “Lieutenant Governor in Council”, derived from sections 13 and 66 of the BNA. From this point on, the Lieutenant Governor who is the supreme power in BC hides behind the term “Lieutenant Governor in Council”, which everyone is told means the Cabinet. But he does not need the consent of the Cabinet to act because he himself appoints the Cabinet. The term “order in council”, means a dictator’s power to give an order without consulting anyone. This power of issuing orders in council is how all governments these days operate outside the control of elected officials - in the us of A they call them “Executive Orders”.

Quote # 8 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Organization of executive government 13. (1) Despite any Act, the Lieutenant Governor in Council may determine the organization of the executive government and the various ministries.
Comment In spite of what the elected representatives of the People may want (”Despite any Act”), the Lieutenant Governor may organise the executive government of BC in any way he wants. Remember that the “Lieutenant Governor in Council”, which means the Cabinet, only hold office as long as they do what they are told ( “(2) All officers appointed by the Lieutenant Governor, whether by commission or otherwise, remain in office during pleasure only.”)

Quote # 9 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Legislative Assembly 17. There must be in British Columbia a Legislative Assembly constituted as provided by this Act, and the Lieutenant Governor has the power, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly, to make laws in and for British Columbia in all cases, subject to the Constitution Act, 1867, and to the order of Her late Majesty in Council.
Comment. “By and with the advice and consent ” is meaningless. The Lieutenant Governor has the supreme authority to remove the premier and the executive council. “By and with the advice and consent” is also contradictory. It contradicts a later section of the BC Constitution Act that prevents the Legislature from spending any money without the prior approval of the Lieutenant Governor.

Quote # 10 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Demise of the Crown
    20. (1) A Legislative Assembly summoned or called is not determined or dissolved by a demise of the Crown, but continues, and may meet, convene, sit, proceed and act, despite the demise of the Crown, as if the demise had not happened.
    (2) This section does not alter or abridge the power of the Crown to prorogue or dissolve the Legislative Assembly.
Comment. This seems to make it clear that we are under the power of the Crown [the Queen of England]. The Crown can terminate any session of our elected representatives at any time the Crown wants. And this in spite of the Statute of Westminster, 1931…

Quote # 11 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Summoning and proroguing
    21. (1) The Lieutenant Governor must, by proclamation in Her Majesty’s name, summon and call together the Legislative Assembly.
    (2) It is not necessary for the Lieutenant Governor, in proroguing the Legislative Assembly, to name any day to which it is prorogued, or to issue a formal proclamation for a meeting of the Legislative Assembly, unless it is intended that the meeting is to be for the dispatch of business. Duration
    23. (1) The Lieutenant Governor may, by proclamation in Her Majesty’s name, prorogue or dissolve the Legislative Assembly when the Lieutenant Governor sees fit.
Comment. It seems that our elected representatives can not even meet without permission from this Lieutenant Governor, acting for the Queen of England. Or our elected representatives cannot meet without the permission of the Queen of England, acting through her Lieutenant Governor. And he can end the session and send them all home when he feels it necessary. Sounds like Mary Queen of Scots and Queen Elizabeth of England - when they got up and walked out the Parliament had to leave too. We haven’t come too far since the 1500’s ? And this paragraph 23 seems to make it clear that the Lieutenant Governor is the personal representative of Her Majesty - the Majesty who is dead - and her heirs are not referred to in the Constitution Act 1982 because the British Parliament repealed that in 1893… Bit of a mess ? And British Columbians have allowed themselves to be governed under this arrangement year after year.

Quote # 12 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Oath of allegiance 24. (1) A member of the Legislative Assembly must not vote or sit until he or she has taken and subscribed the following oath before the Lieutenant Governor, or some other person authorized by the Lieutenant Governor to administer the oath: I, A.B., swear that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II [or her successor], her heirs and successors, according to law. So help me God.
Comment. Not “I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to the Constitution of British Columbia and the people of BC” - I am faithful to the Queen of a foreign country - and the queen who is is not mentioned in the BNA Act 1867.

Quote # 13 from the BC Constitution Act

  • Lieutenant Governor may initiate Bills
    46. The Lieutenant Governor may transmit, by message to the Legislative Assembly, the draft of any law that appears to the Lieutenant Governor desirable to introduce, and all drafts must be taken into consideration by the Legislative Assembly in a manner provided by the rules and orders. Appropriation by message of Lieutenant Governor
    47. The Legislative Assembly must not originate or pass any vote, resolution, address or Bill for the appropriation of any part of the consolidated revenue fund, or of any tax or impost, to any purpose that has not been first recommended by a message of the Lieutenant Governor to the Legislative Assembly during the session in which the vote, resolution, address or Bill is proposed. Lieutenant Governor may return Bills
    48. If a Bill is presented to the Lieutenant Governor for the Lieutenant Governor’s assent, the Lieutenant Governor may return it, by message, for the reconsideration of the Legislative Assembly, with amendments the Lieutenant Governor thinks fit.
Comment . Our elected representatives are forbidden to spend money without the Lieutenant Governor’s permission. Control of the purse strings is the ultimate control. The Lieutenant Governor can keep on refusing to sign a Bill. If the Legislature persists, he will send them all home. “Government of the people, by the people, for the people” ? Hah.
Here are some excerpts from the Canadian BNA Act 1867:

  • 9. The executive government and authority of and over Canada is hereby declared to continue and be vested in the Queen.
    12. All powers,authorities and functions shall be vested in, and exerciseable by, the Governor General individually.
    13. The provisions of this Act referring to the Governor General in Council shall be construed as referring to The Governor General acting by and with the advice of the Queen’s Privy Council for Canada.
Comment on # 13 above - a contradiction - The Governor General appoints and fires members of the Privy Council, and does not need their consent to govern Canada.

  • 58. For each province there shall be an officer, styled the Lieutenant Governor, appointed by the Governor General in Council by instrument under the great seal of Canada.
    59. A Lieutenant Governor shall hold office during the pleasure of the Governor General.
    60. The salary of the Lieutenant Governor shall be fixed and provided by the parliament of Canada.
    61. Every Lieutenant Governor shall, before assuming the duties of his office, make and subscribe before the Governor General or some person authorised by him oaths of allegiance and office similar to those taken by the Governor General. (Oath of allegiance to the Queen (the Crown) )
    62. The provisions of this act referring to the Lieutenant governor extend and apply to the Lieutenant Governor for the time being , or the chief executive officer or administrator for the time being carrying on the government of the province, by whatever title he is designated.
    66. The provisions of this Act referring to the Lieutenant Governor in Council shall be construed as referring to the Lieutenant Governor of the province acting by and with the advice of the executive council thereof.
Comment on # 66 - Contradiction again - the Lieutenant Governor of a province appoints the executive council and they remain in office at the pleasure of the Lieutenant governor - he can fire them. “By and with the consent of…” is a fairy tale.

  • 67. The Governor General in Council may from time to time appoint an administrator to execute the office and functions of the Lieutenant Governor during his absence, illness, or inability.
In law The BNA Act is a statute. The BNA Act is the statute of a foreign country. A statute cannot be a constitution (by definition) The central power in Ottawa claims this foreign statute as its constitution - as its authority to govern Canada. Canada does not have a constitution. What authority to rule does that central government have?

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